C6: Runtime kernel owns data, status, error — adapters subscribe

The kernel is no longer a blind refetch pipe. Each context entry has:
  { data, status: idle|loading|success|error, error }

registerContext() returns { getState, subscribe, refetch, unregister }.
Adapters subscribe to state changes via callbacks. The kernel does
the fetch and notifies subscribers with the new state.

React adapter uses useSyncExternalStore for tear-free reads.
Vue adapter uses ref + subscribe callback.
Svelte adapter uses readable store backed by kernel subscription.

All three adapters also get:
- Mutation hooks with { mutate, isPending, error } (fixes H5)
- Vue: onServerPrefetch for Nuxt SSR (fixes M9)
- Svelte: readable store auto-cleans up on unsubscribe (fixes H9)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

examples/django-react-site/harness/src/api/react.tsx

@@ -2,117 +2,142 @@
 
 // AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit
 
-import { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect, useCallback, type ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef, useSyncExternalStore, type ReactNode } from 'react'
-import { registerContext, mizanCall, mizanFetch } from '@mizan/runtime'
+import { registerContext, mizanFetch, mizanCall, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
 
 import { fetchGlobalContext, type GlobalContextData, type GlobalContextParams, fetchLocalContext, type LocalContextData, type LocalContextParams, callEcho, callAdd, callWhoami, callHttpOnlyEcho, callStaffOnly, callSuperuserOnly, callVerifiedOnly, callMultiply, callNotImplementedFn, callBuggyFn, callPermissionCheckFn, callWsWhoami, callJwtObtain, callJwtRefresh } from '../index'
 
-// Global context — fetched once at app init
+// Subscribe to kernel state via useSyncExternalStore
-const GlobalCtx = createContext<GlobalContextData | null>(null)
+function useContextState<T>(
+    name: string,
+    params: Record<string, any>,
+    fetchFn: () => Promise<T>,
+    initialData?: T,
+): ContextState<T> {
+    const ref = useRef<ReturnType<typeof registerContext> | null>(null)
 
-export function GlobalContextProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {
+    if (!ref.current) {
-    const [data, setData] = useState<GlobalContextData | null>(() => {
+        ref.current = registerContext(name, params, fetchFn, initialData)
-        if (typeof window === 'undefined') return null
-        const ssr = (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__
-        return ssr ?? null
-    })
-
-    const refetch = useCallback(async () => {
-        const result = await fetchGlobalContext({} as any)
-        setData(result)
-    }, [])
-
-    useEffect(() => { if (!data) refetch() }, [data, refetch])
-    useEffect(() => registerContext('global', {}, refetch), [refetch])
-
-    return <GlobalCtx.Provider value={data}>{children}</GlobalCtx.Provider>
     }
 
-export function useCurrentUser(): currentUserOutput {
+    const handle = ref.current
-    const ctx = useContext(GlobalCtx)
+
-    if (!ctx) throw new Error('useCurrentUser requires GlobalContextProvider')
+    // Fetch on mount if no data
-    return ctx.current_user
+    useEffect(() => {
+        if (handle.getState().status === 'idle') handle.refetch()
+        return () => handle.unregister()
+    }, [handle])
+
+    return useSyncExternalStore(
+        handle.subscribe,
+        handle.getState,
+        handle.getState,
+    )
 }
 
-// Local context
+// Mutation hook with loading/error state
-const LocalCtx = createContext<LocalContextData | null>(null)
+function useMutation<TArgs, TResult>(
+    callFn: (args: TArgs) => Promise<TResult>,
+): { mutate: (args: TArgs) => Promise<TResult>; isPending: boolean; error: Error | null } {
+    const [isPending, setIsPending] = useState(false)
+    const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null)
 
-export function LocalContext({ children, ...params }: LocalContextParams & { children: ReactNode }) {
+    const mutate = useCallback(async (args: TArgs) => {
-    const [data, setData] = useState<LocalContextData | null>(() => {
+        setIsPending(true)
-        if (typeof window === 'undefined') return null
+        setError(null)
-        const ssr = (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__
+        try {
-        if (ssr?.greet !== undefined) return ssr
+            const result = await callFn(args)
-        return null
+            return result
-    })
+        } catch (e) {
+            setError(e as Error)
+            throw e
+        } finally {
+            setIsPending(false)
+        }
+    }, [callFn])
 
-    const refetch = useCallback(async () => {
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
-        const result = await fetchLocalContext(params)
-        setData(result)
-    }, [params.name])
-
-    useEffect(() => { refetch() }, [refetch])
-    useEffect(() => registerContext('local', params, refetch), [params.name, refetch])
-
-    return <LocalCtx.Provider value={data}>{children}</LocalCtx.Provider>
 }
 
-export function useGreet(): greetOutput | null {
+// ── Global Context ──
-    const ctx = useContext(LocalCtx)
+
-    return ctx?.greet ?? null
+export function useGlobalContext(): ContextState<GlobalContextData> {
+    const ssrData = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__ : null
+    return useContextState('global', {}, () => fetchGlobalContext({} as any), ssrData)
+}
+
+export function useCurrentUser(): currentUserOutput | null {
+    const state = useGlobalContext()
+    return state.data?.current_user ?? null
+}
+
+// ── Local Context ──
+
+export function useLocalContext(params: LocalContextParams): ContextState<LocalContextData> {
+    const ssrData = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__ : null
+    return useContextState('local', params, () => fetchLocalContext(params), ssrData)
+}
+
+export function useGreet(params: LocalContextParams): greetOutput | null {
+    const state = useLocalContext(params)
+    return state.data?.greet ?? null
 }
 
 export function useEcho() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callEcho>[0]) => callEcho(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callEcho>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callEcho>>>(callEcho)
 }
 
 export function useAdd() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callAdd>[0]) => callAdd(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callAdd>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callAdd>>>(callAdd)
 }
 
 export function useWhoami() {
-    return useCallback(() => callWhoami(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callWhoami>>>(() => callWhoami() as any)
 }
 
 export function useHttpOnlyEcho() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callHttpOnlyEcho>[0]) => callHttpOnlyEcho(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callHttpOnlyEcho>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callHttpOnlyEcho>>>(callHttpOnlyEcho)
 }
 
 export function useStaffOnly() {
-    return useCallback(() => callStaffOnly(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callStaffOnly>>>(() => callStaffOnly() as any)
 }
 
 export function useSuperuserOnly() {
-    return useCallback(() => callSuperuserOnly(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callSuperuserOnly>>>(() => callSuperuserOnly() as any)
 }
 
 export function useVerifiedOnly() {
-    return useCallback(() => callVerifiedOnly(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callVerifiedOnly>>>(() => callVerifiedOnly() as any)
 }
 
 export function useMultiply() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callMultiply>[0]) => callMultiply(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callMultiply>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callMultiply>>>(callMultiply)
 }
 
 export function useNotImplementedFn() {
-    return useCallback(() => callNotImplementedFn(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callNotImplementedFn>>>(() => callNotImplementedFn() as any)
 }
 
 export function useBuggyFn() {
-    return useCallback(() => callBuggyFn(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callBuggyFn>>>(() => callBuggyFn() as any)
 }
 
 export function usePermissionCheckFn() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callPermissionCheckFn>[0]) => callPermissionCheckFn(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callPermissionCheckFn>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callPermissionCheckFn>>>(callPermissionCheckFn)
 }
 
 export function useWsWhoami() {
-    return useCallback(() => callWsWhoami(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callWsWhoami>>>(() => callWsWhoami() as any)
 }
 
 export function useJwtObtain() {
-    return useCallback(() => callJwtObtain(), [])
+    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callJwtObtain>>>(() => callJwtObtain() as any)
 }
 
 export function useJwtRefresh() {
-    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof callJwtRefresh>[0]) => callJwtRefresh(args), [])
+    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof callJwtRefresh>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof callJwtRefresh>>>(callJwtRefresh)
 }
+
+export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
+export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'

examples/django-react-site/harness/src/api/svelte.ts

@@ -1,67 +1,52 @@
 // AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit
 
-import { writable, derived, type Readable } from 'svelte/store'
+import { readable, type Readable } from 'svelte/store'
-import { registerContext } from '@mizan/runtime'
+import { registerContext, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
 
 import { fetchGlobalContext, type GlobalContextData, type GlobalContextParams, fetchLocalContext, type LocalContextData, type LocalContextParams, callEcho, callAdd, callWhoami, callHttpOnlyEcho, callStaffOnly, callSuperuserOnly, callVerifiedOnly, callMultiply, callNotImplementedFn, callBuggyFn, callPermissionCheckFn, callWsWhoami, callJwtObtain, callJwtRefresh } from '../index'
 
-// Global context
 export function createGlobalContext() {
-    const data = writable<GlobalContextData | null>(null)
+    const store = readable<ContextState<GlobalContextData>>(
-    const loading = writable(true)
+        { data: null, status: 'idle', error: null },
+        (set) => {
+            const handle = registerContext('global', {} as any, () => fetchGlobalContext({} as any))
+            const unsub = handle.subscribe(() => set(handle.getState()))
+            handle.refetch()
+            return () => { unsub(); handle.unregister() }
+        },
+    )
 
-    const refetch = async () => {
+    return store
-        loading.set(true)
-        const result = await fetchGlobalContext({} as any)
-        data.set(result)
-        loading.set(false)
 }
 
-    refetch()
-    const unregister = registerContext('global', {}, refetch)
-
-    return {
-        data,
-        loading,
-        currentUser: derived(data, $d => $d?.current_user ?? null) as Readable<currentUserOutput | null>,
-        destroy: unregister,
-    }
-}
-
-// Local context
 export function createLocalContext(params: LocalContextParams) {
-    const data = writable<LocalContextData | null>(null)
+    const store = readable<ContextState<LocalContextData>>(
-    const loading = writable(true)
+        { data: null, status: 'idle', error: null },
+        (set) => {
+            const handle = registerContext('local', params, () => fetchLocalContext(params))
+            const unsub = handle.subscribe(() => set(handle.getState()))
+            handle.refetch()
+            return () => { unsub(); handle.unregister() }
+        },
+    )
 
-    const refetch = async () => {
+    return store
-        loading.set(true)
-        const result = await fetchLocalContext(params)
-        data.set(result)
-        loading.set(false)
 }
 
-    refetch()
+export { callEcho } from '../index'
-    const unregister = registerContext('local', params, refetch)
+export { callAdd } from '../index'
+export { callWhoami } from '../index'
+export { callHttpOnlyEcho } from '../index'
+export { callStaffOnly } from '../index'
+export { callSuperuserOnly } from '../index'
+export { callVerifiedOnly } from '../index'
+export { callMultiply } from '../index'
+export { callNotImplementedFn } from '../index'
+export { callBuggyFn } from '../index'
+export { callPermissionCheckFn } from '../index'
+export { callWsWhoami } from '../index'
+export { callJwtObtain } from '../index'
+export { callJwtRefresh } from '../index'
 
-    return {
+export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
-        data,
+export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'
-        loading,
-        greet: derived(data, $d => $d?.greet ?? null) as Readable<greetOutput | null>,
-        destroy: unregister,
-    }
-}
-
-export { callEcho } from '../functions/echo'
-export { callAdd } from '../functions/add'
-export { callWhoami } from '../functions/whoami'
-export { callHttpOnlyEcho } from '../functions/httpOnlyEcho'
-export { callStaffOnly } from '../functions/staffOnly'
-export { callSuperuserOnly } from '../functions/superuserOnly'
-export { callVerifiedOnly } from '../functions/verifiedOnly'
-export { callMultiply } from '../functions/multiply'
-export { callNotImplementedFn } from '../functions/notImplementedFn'
-export { callBuggyFn } from '../functions/buggyFn'
-export { callPermissionCheckFn } from '../functions/permissionCheckFn'
-export { callWsWhoami } from '../functions/wsWhoami'
-export { callJwtObtain } from '../functions/jwtObtain'
-export { callJwtRefresh } from '../functions/jwtRefresh'

examples/django-react-site/harness/src/api/vue.ts

@@ -1,96 +1,229 @@
 // AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit
 
-import { ref, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted, provide, inject, type Ref, type ComputedRef, type InjectionKey } from 'vue'
+import { ref, computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, onServerPrefetch, type ComputedRef } from 'vue'
-import { registerContext } from '@mizan/runtime'
+import { registerContext, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
 
 import { fetchGlobalContext, type GlobalContextData, type GlobalContextParams, fetchLocalContext, type LocalContextData, type LocalContextParams, callEcho, callAdd, callWhoami, callHttpOnlyEcho, callStaffOnly, callSuperuserOnly, callVerifiedOnly, callMultiply, callNotImplementedFn, callBuggyFn, callPermissionCheckFn, callWsWhoami, callJwtObtain, callJwtRefresh } from '../index'
 
-// Global context
+export function useGlobalContext() {
-const GlobalKey: InjectionKey<{ data: Ref<GlobalContextData | null>, loading: Ref<boolean> }> = Symbol('global')
+    const state = ref<ContextState<GlobalContextData>>({ data: null, status: 'idle', error: null })
+    let handle: ReturnType<typeof registerContext> | null = null
 
-export function provideGlobalContext() {
-    const data = ref<GlobalContextData | null>(null)
-    const loading = ref(true)
-
-    const refetch = async () => {
-        loading.value = true
-        try {
-            data.value = await fetchGlobalContext({} as any)
-        } catch (e) { console.error('[mizan] global fetch failed:', e) }
-        loading.value = false
-    }
-
-    let unregister: (() => void) | null = null
     onMounted(() => {
-        refetch()
+        handle = registerContext('global', {} as any, () => fetchGlobalContext({} as any))
-        unregister = registerContext('global', {}, refetch)
+        handle.subscribe(() => { state.value = handle!.getState() })
+        handle.refetch()
     })
-    onUnmounted(() => { unregister?.() })
 
-    provide(GlobalKey, { data, loading })
+    onServerPrefetch(async () => {
+        handle = registerContext('global', {} as any, () => fetchGlobalContext({} as any))
+        await handle.refetch()
+        state.value = handle.getState()
+    })
+
+    onUnmounted(() => { handle?.unregister() })
+
+    return {
+        state,
+        currentUser: computed(() => state.value.data?.current_user ?? null) as ComputedRef<currentUserOutput | null>,
+        loading: computed(() => state.value.status === 'loading'),
+        error: computed(() => state.value.error),
+    }
 }
 
-export function useCurrentUser(): ComputedRef<currentUserOutput | null> {
+export function useLocalContext(params: LocalContextParams) {
-    const ctx = inject(GlobalKey)
+    const state = ref<ContextState<LocalContextData>>({ data: null, status: 'idle', error: null })
-    if (!ctx) throw new Error('useCurrentUser requires provideGlobalContext in a parent')
+    let handle: ReturnType<typeof registerContext> | null = null
-    return computed(() => ctx.data.value?.current_user ?? null)
-}
 
-// Local context
-const LocalKey: InjectionKey<{ data: Ref<LocalContextData | null>, loading: Ref<boolean> }> = Symbol('local')
-
-export function provideLocalContext(params: { name: string }) {
-    const data = ref<LocalContextData | null>(null)
-    const loading = ref(true)
-
-    const refetch = async () => {
-        loading.value = true
-        try {
-            data.value = await fetchLocalContext(params as any)
-        } catch (e) { console.error('[mizan] local fetch failed:', e) }
-        loading.value = false
-    }
-
-    let unregister: (() => void) | null = null
     onMounted(() => {
-        refetch()
+        handle = registerContext('local', params, () => fetchLocalContext(params))
-        unregister = registerContext('local', params, refetch)
+        handle.subscribe(() => { state.value = handle!.getState() })
+        handle.refetch()
     })
-    onUnmounted(() => { unregister?.() })
 
-    provide(LocalKey, { data, loading })
+    onServerPrefetch(async () => {
+        handle = registerContext('local', params, () => fetchLocalContext(params))
+        await handle.refetch()
+        state.value = handle.getState()
+    })
+
+    onUnmounted(() => { handle?.unregister() })
+
+    return {
+        state,
+        greet: computed(() => state.value.data?.greet ?? null) as ComputedRef<greetOutput | null>,
+        loading: computed(() => state.value.status === 'loading'),
+        error: computed(() => state.value.error),
+    }
 }
 
-export function useGreet(): ComputedRef<greetOutput | null> {
+export function useEcho() {
-    const ctx = inject(LocalKey)
+    const isPending = ref(false)
-    if (!ctx) throw new Error('useGreet requires provideLocalContext in a parent')
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
-    return computed(() => ctx.data.value?.greet ?? null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callEcho>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callEcho(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
 }
 
-export const useEcho = callEcho
+export function useAdd() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callAdd>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callAdd(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useAdd = callAdd
+export function useWhoami() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callWhoami() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useWhoami = callWhoami
+export function useHttpOnlyEcho() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callHttpOnlyEcho>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callHttpOnlyEcho(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useHttpOnlyEcho = callHttpOnlyEcho
+export function useStaffOnly() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callStaffOnly() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useStaffOnly = callStaffOnly
+export function useSuperuserOnly() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callSuperuserOnly() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useSuperuserOnly = callSuperuserOnly
+export function useVerifiedOnly() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callVerifiedOnly() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useVerifiedOnly = callVerifiedOnly
+export function useMultiply() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callMultiply>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callMultiply(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useMultiply = callMultiply
+export function useNotImplementedFn() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callNotImplementedFn() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useNotImplementedFn = callNotImplementedFn
+export function useBuggyFn() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callBuggyFn() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useBuggyFn = callBuggyFn
+export function usePermissionCheckFn() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callPermissionCheckFn>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callPermissionCheckFn(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const usePermissionCheckFn = callPermissionCheckFn
+export function useWsWhoami() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callWsWhoami() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useWsWhoami = callWsWhoami
+export function useJwtObtain() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate() {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callJwtObtain() }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useJwtObtain = callJwtObtain
+export function useJwtRefresh() {
+    const isPending = ref(false)
+    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)
+    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof callJwtRefresh>[0]) {
+        isPending.value = true; error.value = null
+        try { return await callJwtRefresh(args) }
+        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }
+        finally { isPending.value = false }
+    }
+    return { mutate, isPending, error }
+}
 
-export const useJwtRefresh = callJwtRefresh
+export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'
+export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'

packages/mizan-django/generate/generator/lib/adapters/react.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 /**
  * React Stage 2 — Generates hooks + context providers from Stage 1 output.
+ *
+ * Generated providers subscribe to the runtime kernel for state.
+ * The kernel owns data, status, and error. React just renders.
  */
 
 function pascalCase(str) {
@@ -19,8 +22,8 @@ export function generateReactAdapter(schema) {
         '',
         '// AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit',
         '',
-        "import { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect, useCallback, type ReactNode } from 'react'",
+        "import { createContext, useContext, useState, useEffect, useCallback, useRef, useSyncExternalStore, type ReactNode } from 'react'",
-        "import { registerContext, mizanCall, mizanFetch } from '@mizan/runtime'",
+        "import { registerContext, mizanFetch, mizanCall, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'",
         '',
     ]
 
@@ -38,103 +41,114 @@ export function generateReactAdapter(schema) {
         lines.push('')
     }
 
-    // ── Global context hooks ────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // ── Helper hook: subscribe to kernel state ──────────────────────────
 
-    if (globalContexts.length > 0) {
+    lines.push('// Subscribe to kernel state via useSyncExternalStore')
-        const p = pascalCase('global')
+    lines.push('function useContextState<T>(')
-
+    lines.push('    name: string,')
-        lines.push(`// Global context — fetched once at app init`)
+    lines.push('    params: Record<string, any>,')
-        lines.push(`const GlobalCtx = createContext<${p}ContextData | null>(null)`)
+    lines.push('    fetchFn: () => Promise<T>,')
+    lines.push('    initialData?: T,')
+    lines.push('): ContextState<T> {')
+    lines.push('    const ref = useRef<ReturnType<typeof registerContext> | null>(null)')
     lines.push('')
-
+    lines.push('    if (!ref.current) {')
-        lines.push(`export function GlobalContextProvider({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) {`)
+    lines.push('        ref.current = registerContext(name, params, fetchFn, initialData)')
-        lines.push(`    const [data, setData] = useState<${p}ContextData | null>(() => {`)
+    lines.push('    }')
-        lines.push(`        if (typeof window === 'undefined') return null`)
-        lines.push(`        const ssr = (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__`)
-        lines.push(`        return ssr ?? null`)
-        lines.push(`    })`)
     lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    const refetch = useCallback(async () => {`)
+    lines.push('    const handle = ref.current')
-        lines.push(`        const result = await fetch${p}Context({} as any)`)
-        lines.push(`        setData(result)`)
-        lines.push(`    }, [])`)
     lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    useEffect(() => { if (!data) refetch() }, [data, refetch])`)
+    lines.push('    // Fetch on mount if no data')
-        lines.push(`    useEffect(() => registerContext('global', {}, refetch), [refetch])`)
+    lines.push('    useEffect(() => {')
+    lines.push("        if (handle.getState().status === 'idle') handle.refetch()")
+    lines.push('        return () => handle.unregister()')
+    lines.push('    }, [handle])')
     lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    return <GlobalCtx.Provider value={data}>{children}</GlobalCtx.Provider>`)
+    lines.push('    return useSyncExternalStore(')
+    lines.push('        handle.subscribe,')
+    lines.push('        handle.getState,')
+    lines.push('        handle.getState,')
+    lines.push('    )')
     lines.push('}')
     lines.push('')
 
-        for (const fn of globalContexts) {
+    // ── Mutation hook helper ────────────────────────────────────────────
-            const hookPascal = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
+
-            lines.push(`export function use${hookPascal}(): ${fn.outputType} {`)
+    lines.push('// Mutation hook with loading/error state')
-            lines.push(`    const ctx = useContext(GlobalCtx)`)
+    lines.push('function useMutation<TArgs, TResult>(')
-            lines.push(`    if (!ctx) throw new Error('use${hookPascal} requires GlobalContextProvider')`)
+    lines.push('    callFn: (args: TArgs) => Promise<TResult>,')
-            lines.push(`    return ctx.${fn.name}`)
+    lines.push('): { mutate: (args: TArgs) => Promise<TResult>; isPending: boolean; error: Error | null } {')
+    lines.push('    const [isPending, setIsPending] = useState(false)')
+    lines.push('    const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null)')
+    lines.push('')
+    lines.push('    const mutate = useCallback(async (args: TArgs) => {')
+    lines.push('        setIsPending(true)')
+    lines.push('        setError(null)')
+    lines.push('        try {')
+    lines.push('            const result = await callFn(args)')
+    lines.push('            return result')
+    lines.push('        } catch (e) {')
+    lines.push('            setError(e as Error)')
+    lines.push('            throw e')
+    lines.push('        } finally {')
+    lines.push('            setIsPending(false)')
+    lines.push('        }')
+    lines.push('    }, [callFn])')
+    lines.push('')
+    lines.push('    return { mutate, isPending, error }')
     lines.push('}')
     lines.push('')
-        }
-    }
 
-    // ── Named context providers ─────────────────────────────────────────
+    // ── Context hooks ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-    for (const [ctxName, ctxMeta] of namedContexts) {
+    for (const [ctxName, ctxMeta] of Object.entries(contextGroups)) {
         const p = pascalCase(ctxName)
         const ctxFunctions = functions.filter(fn => fn.isContext === ctxName)
         const paramEntries = Object.entries(ctxMeta.params || {})
 
-        lines.push(`// ${p} context`)
+        lines.push(`// ── ${p} Context ──`)
-        lines.push(`const ${p}Ctx = createContext<${p}ContextData | null>(null)`)
         lines.push('')
 
-        // Provider
+        // Hook that returns the full kernel state
-        lines.push(`export function ${p}Context({ children, ...params }: ${p}ContextParams & { children: ReactNode }) {`)
+        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
-        lines.push(`    const [data, setData] = useState<${p}ContextData | null>(() => {`)
+            lines.push(`export function use${p}Context(params: ${p}ContextParams): ContextState<${p}ContextData> {`)
-        lines.push(`        if (typeof window === 'undefined') return null`)
+            lines.push(`    const ssrData = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__ : null`)
-        lines.push(`        const ssr = (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__`)
+            lines.push(`    return useContextState('${ctxName}', params, () => fetch${p}Context(params), ssrData)`)
-        if (ctxFunctions.length > 0) {
+        } else {
-            lines.push(`        if (ssr?.${ctxFunctions[0].name} !== undefined) return ssr`)
+            lines.push(`export function use${p}Context(): ContextState<${p}ContextData> {`)
+            lines.push(`    const ssrData = typeof window !== 'undefined' ? (window as any).__MIZAN_SSR_DATA__ : null`)
+            lines.push(`    return useContextState('${ctxName}', {}, () => fetch${p}Context({} as any), ssrData)`)
         }
-        lines.push(`        return null`)
-        lines.push(`    })`)
-        lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    const refetch = useCallback(async () => {`)
-        lines.push(`        const result = await fetch${p}Context(params)`)
-        lines.push(`        setData(result)`)
-
-        const deps = paramEntries.map(([pName]) => `params.${pName}`)
-        lines.push(`    }, [${deps.join(', ')}])`)
-        lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    useEffect(() => { if (!data) refetch() }, [data, refetch])`)
-        lines.push(`    useEffect(() => registerContext('${ctxName}', params, refetch), [${deps.join(', ')}, refetch])`)
-        lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    return <${p}Ctx.Provider value={data}>{children}</${p}Ctx.Provider>`)
         lines.push('}')
         lines.push('')
 
-        // Hooks
+        // Convenience hooks for individual data fields
         for (const fn of ctxFunctions) {
             const hookPascal = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
+            if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
+                lines.push(`export function use${hookPascal}(params: ${p}ContextParams): ${fn.outputType} | null {`)
+                lines.push(`    const state = use${p}Context(params)`)
+            } else {
                 lines.push(`export function use${hookPascal}(): ${fn.outputType} | null {`)
-            lines.push(`    const ctx = useContext(${p}Ctx)`)
+                lines.push(`    const state = use${p}Context()`)
-            lines.push(`    return ctx?.${fn.name} ?? null`)
+            }
+            lines.push(`    return state.data?.${fn.name} ?? null`)
             lines.push('}')
             lines.push('')
         }
     }
 
-    // ── Mutation hooks ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // ── Mutation hooks (with loading/error) ──────────────────────────────
 
     for (const fn of mutations) {
         const p = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
         if (fn.hasInput) {
             lines.push(`export function use${p}() {`)
-            lines.push(`    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof call${p}>[0]) => call${p}(args), [])`)
+            lines.push(`    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof call${p}>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof call${p}>>>(call${p})`)
             lines.push('}')
         } else {
             lines.push(`export function use${p}() {`)
-            lines.push(`    return useCallback(() => call${p}(), [])`)
+            lines.push(`    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof call${p}>>>(() => call${p}() as any)`)
             lines.push('}')
         }
         lines.push('')
@@ -146,15 +160,21 @@ export function generateReactAdapter(schema) {
         const p = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
         if (fn.hasInput) {
             lines.push(`export function use${p}() {`)
-            lines.push(`    return useCallback((args: Parameters<typeof call${p}>[0]) => call${p}(args), [])`)
+            lines.push(`    return useMutation<Parameters<typeof call${p}>[0], Awaited<ReturnType<typeof call${p}>>>(call${p})`)
             lines.push('}')
         } else {
             lines.push(`export function use${p}() {`)
-            lines.push(`    return useCallback(() => call${p}(), [])`)
+            lines.push(`    return useMutation<void, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof call${p}>>>(() => call${p}() as any)`)
             lines.push('}')
         }
         lines.push('')
     }
 
+    // ── Re-export runtime types ─────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    lines.push("export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push("export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push('')
+
     return lines.join('\n')
 }

packages/mizan-django/generate/generator/lib/adapters/svelte.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Svelte Stage 2 — Generates stores from Stage 1 output.
+ *
+ * Subscribes to the kernel for state. Returns readable stores.
  */
 
 function pascalCase(str) {
@@ -15,12 +17,11 @@ export function generateSvelteAdapter(schema) {
     const lines = [
         '// AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit',
         '',
-        "import { writable, derived, type Readable } from 'svelte/store'",
+        "import { readable, type Readable } from 'svelte/store'",
-        "import { registerContext } from '@mizan/runtime'",
+        "import { registerContext, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'",
         '',
     ]
 
-    // Stage 1 imports
     const stage1Imports = []
     for (const [ctxName] of Object.entries(contextGroups)) {
         const p = pascalCase(ctxName)
@@ -34,14 +35,11 @@ export function generateSvelteAdapter(schema) {
         lines.push('')
     }
 
-    // ── Context stores ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
-
     for (const [ctxName, ctxMeta] of Object.entries(contextGroups)) {
         const p = pascalCase(ctxName)
         const ctxFunctions = functions.filter(fn => fn.isContext === ctxName)
         const paramEntries = Object.entries(ctxMeta.params || {})
-
+        const paramsArg = paramEntries.length > 0 ? 'params' : '{} as any'
-        lines.push(`// ${p} context`)
 
         if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
             lines.push(`export function create${p}Context(params: ${p}ContextParams) {`)
@@ -49,49 +47,32 @@ export function generateSvelteAdapter(schema) {
             lines.push(`export function create${p}Context() {`)
         }
 
-        lines.push(`    const data = writable<${p}ContextData | null>(null)`)
+        // Use readable store backed by kernel subscription
-        lines.push(`    const loading = writable(true)`)
+        lines.push(`    const store = readable<ContextState<${p}ContextData>>(`)
+        lines.push(`        { data: null, status: 'idle', error: null },`)
+        lines.push(`        (set) => {`)
+        lines.push(`            const handle = registerContext('${ctxName}', ${paramsArg}, () => fetch${p}Context(${paramsArg}))`)
+        lines.push(`            const unsub = handle.subscribe(() => set(handle.getState()))`)
+        lines.push(`            handle.refetch()`)
+        lines.push(`            return () => { unsub(); handle.unregister() }`)
+        lines.push(`        },`)
+        lines.push(`    )`)
         lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    const refetch = async () => {`)
+        lines.push(`    return store`)
-        lines.push(`        loading.set(true)`)
-        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
-            lines.push(`        const result = await fetch${p}Context(params)`)
-        } else {
-            lines.push(`        const result = await fetch${p}Context({} as any)`)
-        }
-        lines.push(`        data.set(result)`)
-        lines.push(`        loading.set(false)`)
-        lines.push(`    }`)
-        lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    refetch()`)
-        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
-            lines.push(`    const unregister = registerContext('${ctxName}', params, refetch)`)
-        } else {
-            lines.push(`    const unregister = registerContext('${ctxName}', {}, refetch)`)
-        }
-        lines.push('')
-
-        // Derived stores for each function
-        lines.push(`    return {`)
-        lines.push(`        data,`)
-        lines.push(`        loading,`)
-        for (const fn of ctxFunctions) {
-            const camel = fn.camelName
-            lines.push(`        ${camel}: derived(data, $d => $d?.${fn.name} ?? null) as Readable<${fn.outputType} | null>,`)
-        }
-        lines.push(`        destroy: unregister,`)
-        lines.push(`    }`)
         lines.push('}')
         lines.push('')
     }
 
-    // ── Mutation + function exports ─────────────────────────────────────
+    // Re-export mutations as-is from Stage 1
-
     for (const fn of [...mutations, ...plainFns]) {
         const p = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
-        lines.push(`export { call${p} } from '../${fn.affects ? 'mutations' : 'functions'}/${fn.camelName}'`)
+        lines.push(`export { call${p} } from '../index'`)
     }
     lines.push('')
 
+    lines.push("export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push("export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push('')
+
     return lines.join('\n')
 }

packages/mizan-django/generate/generator/lib/adapters/vue.mjs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Vue Stage 2 — Generates composables from Stage 1 output.
+ *
+ * Subscribes to the kernel for state. Vue reactivity wraps kernel notifications.
  */
 
 function pascalCase(str) {
@@ -15,12 +17,11 @@ export function generateVueAdapter(schema) {
     const lines = [
         '// AUTO-GENERATED by mizan — do not edit',
         '',
-        "import { ref, computed, watch, onMounted, onUnmounted, provide, inject, type Ref, type ComputedRef, type InjectionKey } from 'vue'",
+        "import { ref, computed, onMounted, onUnmounted, onServerPrefetch, type ComputedRef } from 'vue'",
-        "import { registerContext } from '@mizan/runtime'",
+        "import { registerContext, type ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'",
         '',
     ]
 
-    // Stage 1 imports
     const stage1Imports = []
     for (const [ctxName] of Object.entries(contextGroups)) {
         const p = pascalCase(ctxName)
@@ -34,72 +35,70 @@ export function generateVueAdapter(schema) {
         lines.push('')
     }
 
-    // ── Context composables ─────────────────────────────────────────────
-
     for (const [ctxName, ctxMeta] of Object.entries(contextGroups)) {
         const p = pascalCase(ctxName)
         const ctxFunctions = functions.filter(fn => fn.isContext === ctxName)
         const paramEntries = Object.entries(ctxMeta.params || {})
+        const paramsArg = paramEntries.length > 0 ? 'params' : '{} as any'
 
-        lines.push(`// ${p} context`)
+        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
-        lines.push(`const ${p}Key: InjectionKey<{ data: Ref<${p}ContextData | null>, loading: Ref<boolean> }> = Symbol('${ctxName}')`)
+            lines.push(`export function use${p}Context(params: ${p}ContextParams) {`)
-        lines.push('')
+        } else {
+            lines.push(`export function use${p}Context() {`)
+        }
 
-        // Provider composable
+        lines.push(`    const state = ref<ContextState<${p}ContextData>>({ data: null, status: 'idle', error: null })`)
-        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
+        lines.push(`    let handle: ReturnType<typeof registerContext> | null = null`)
-            lines.push(`export function provide${p}Context(params: { ${paramEntries.map(([k, v]) => `${k}: ${v.type === 'integer' || v.type === 'number' ? 'number' : 'string'}`).join(', ')} }) {`)
-        } else {
-            lines.push(`export function provide${p}Context() {`)
-        }
-        lines.push(`    const data = ref<${p}ContextData | null>(null)`)
-        lines.push(`    const loading = ref(true)`)
         lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    const refetch = async () => {`)
-        lines.push(`        loading.value = true`)
-        lines.push(`        try {`)
-        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
-            lines.push(`            data.value = await fetch${p}Context(params as any)`)
-        } else {
-            lines.push(`            data.value = await fetch${p}Context({} as any)`)
-        }
-        lines.push(`        } catch (e) { console.error('[mizan] ${ctxName} fetch failed:', e) }`)
-        lines.push(`        loading.value = false`)
-        lines.push(`    }`)
-        lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    let unregister: (() => void) | null = null`)
         lines.push(`    onMounted(() => {`)
-        lines.push(`        refetch()`)
+        lines.push(`        handle = registerContext('${ctxName}', ${paramsArg}, () => fetch${p}Context(${paramsArg}))`)
-        if (paramEntries.length > 0) {
+        lines.push(`        handle.subscribe(() => { state.value = handle!.getState() })`)
-            lines.push(`        unregister = registerContext('${ctxName}', params, refetch)`)
+        lines.push(`        handle.refetch()`)
-        } else {
-            lines.push(`        unregister = registerContext('${ctxName}', {}, refetch)`)
-        }
         lines.push(`    })`)
-        lines.push(`    onUnmounted(() => { unregister?.() })`)
         lines.push('')
-        lines.push(`    provide(${p}Key, { data, loading })`)
+        lines.push(`    onServerPrefetch(async () => {`)
-        lines.push('}')
+        lines.push(`        handle = registerContext('${ctxName}', ${paramsArg}, () => fetch${p}Context(${paramsArg}))`)
+        lines.push(`        await handle.refetch()`)
+        lines.push(`        state.value = handle.getState()`)
+        lines.push(`    })`)
         lines.push('')
-
+        lines.push(`    onUnmounted(() => { handle?.unregister() })`)
-        // Consumer composables
+        lines.push('')
+        lines.push(`    return {`)
+        lines.push(`        state,`)
         for (const fn of ctxFunctions) {
-            const hookPascal = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
+            lines.push(`        ${fn.camelName}: computed(() => state.value.data?.${fn.name} ?? null) as ComputedRef<${fn.outputType} | null>,`)
-            lines.push(`export function use${hookPascal}(): ComputedRef<${fn.outputType} | null> {`)
+        }
-            lines.push(`    const ctx = inject(${p}Key)`)
+        lines.push(`        loading: computed(() => state.value.status === 'loading'),`)
-            lines.push(`    if (!ctx) throw new Error('use${hookPascal} requires provide${p}Context in a parent')`)
+        lines.push(`        error: computed(() => state.value.error),`)
-            lines.push(`    return computed(() => ctx.data.value?.${fn.name} ?? null)`)
+        lines.push(`    }`)
         lines.push('}')
         lines.push('')
     }
-    }
-
-    // ── Mutation composables ────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     for (const fn of [...mutations, ...plainFns]) {
         const p = pascalCase(fn.camelName)
-        lines.push(`export const use${p} = call${p}`)
+        lines.push(`export function use${p}() {`)
+        lines.push(`    const isPending = ref(false)`)
+        lines.push(`    const error = ref<Error | null>(null)`)
+        if (fn.hasInput) {
+            lines.push(`    async function mutate(args: Parameters<typeof call${p}>[0]) {`)
+        } else {
+            lines.push(`    async function mutate() {`)
+        }
+        lines.push(`        isPending.value = true; error.value = null`)
+        lines.push(`        try { return await call${p}(${fn.hasInput ? 'args' : ''}) }`)
+        lines.push(`        catch (e) { error.value = e as Error; throw e }`)
+        lines.push(`        finally { isPending.value = false }`)
+        lines.push(`    }`)
+        lines.push(`    return { mutate, isPending, error }`)
+        lines.push('}')
         lines.push('')
     }
 
+    lines.push("export type { ContextState } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push("export { configure, initSession, MizanError } from '@mizan/runtime'")
+    lines.push('')
+
     return lines.join('\n')
 }

packages/mizan-runtime/src/index.ts

@@ -3,11 +3,7 @@
  *
  * Zero framework dependencies. React, Vue, Svelte — all import from here.
  *
- * Four concerns:
+ * The kernel owns the data. Adapters subscribe and render.
- * 1. Configuration — baseUrl, auth headers, CSRF
- * 2. Context registry — mounted providers register for invalidation
- * 3. Invalidation — microtask-batched, scoped or broad
- * 4. Fetch — mizanFetch (GET context bundles) + mizanCall (POST mutations)
  */
 
 // === Error ===
@@ -54,12 +50,6 @@ function getCSRFToken(): string | null {
 
 let _sessionReady: Promise<void> | null = null
 
-/**
- * Initialize a session (fetches CSRF cookie from GET /session/).
- * Called automatically on first fetch if not called explicitly.
- * No-op if a CSRF cookie already exists.
- * Retries on failure — resets so next call tries again.
- */
 export function initSession(): Promise<void> {
     if (_sessionReady) return _sessionReady
 
@@ -76,39 +66,109 @@ export function initSession(): Promise<void> {
             if (attempt < 2) await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, (attempt + 1) * 100))
         }
 
-        // All retries failed — reset so next call tries again
         _sessionReady = null
     })()
 
     return _sessionReady
 }
 
-// === Context Registry ===
+// === Context State ===
 
-export type RefetchFn = () => void
+export type ContextStatus = 'idle' | 'loading' | 'success' | 'error'
+
+export interface ContextState<T = any> {
+    data: T | null
+    status: ContextStatus
+    error: Error | null
+}
+
+type Listener = () => void
 type ParamKey = string
 
 interface ContextEntry {
     params: Record<string, any>
-    refetch: RefetchFn
+    state: ContextState
+    listeners: Set<Listener>
+    fetchFn: () => Promise<any>
 }
 
 const contexts: Map<string, Map<ParamKey, ContextEntry>> = new Map()
 
-/** Deterministic JSON key for params — sorted to avoid order-dependency */
 function stableKey(params: Record<string, any>): string {
     return JSON.stringify(params, Object.keys(params).sort())
 }
 
+/**
+ * Register a context instance. The kernel owns the fetch lifecycle.
+ *
+ * Returns { getState, subscribe, refetch, unregister }.
+ * Adapters call subscribe() to get notified on state changes.
+ */
 export function registerContext(
     name: string,
     params: Record<string, any>,
-    refetch: RefetchFn,
+    fetchFn: () => Promise<any>,
-): () => void {
+    initialData?: any,
+): {
+    getState: () => ContextState
+    subscribe: (listener: Listener) => () => void
+    refetch: () => Promise<void>
+    unregister: () => void
+} {
     if (!contexts.has(name)) contexts.set(name, new Map())
     const key = stableKey(params)
-    contexts.get(name)!.set(key, { params, refetch })
+    const map = contexts.get(name)!
-    return () => contexts.get(name)?.delete(key)
+
+    // Reuse existing entry if same key is re-registered (React Strict Mode)
+    let entry = map.get(key)
+    if (!entry) {
+        entry = {
+            params,
+            state: {
+                data: initialData ?? null,
+                status: initialData ? 'success' : 'idle',
+                error: null,
+            },
+            listeners: new Set(),
+            fetchFn,
+        }
+        map.set(key, entry)
+    } else {
+        // Update fetchFn in case closure changed
+        entry.fetchFn = fetchFn
+    }
+
+    const self = entry
+
+    function notify() {
+        self.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+    }
+
+    async function refetch() {
+        self.state = { ...self.state, status: 'loading', error: null }
+        notify()
+
+        try {
+            const data = await self.fetchFn()
+            self.state = { data, status: 'success', error: null }
+        } catch (e) {
+            self.state = { ...self.state, status: 'error', error: e as Error }
+        }
+        notify()
+    }
+
+    return {
+        getState: () => self.state,
+        subscribe: (listener: Listener) => {
+            self.listeners.add(listener)
+            return () => self.listeners.delete(listener)
+        },
+        refetch,
+        unregister: () => {
+            self.listeners.clear()
+            map.delete(key)
+        },
+    }
 }
 
 // === Invalidation ===
@@ -130,18 +190,42 @@ export function invalidate(context: string, params?: Record<string, any>): void
 }
 
 function flush(): void {
+    // Broad invalidations — refetch all instances
     for (const name of pending) {
         const entries = contexts.get(name)
-        if (entries) entries.forEach(entry => entry.refetch())
+        if (entries) {
+            entries.forEach(entry => {
+                entry.state = { ...entry.state, status: 'loading', error: null }
+                entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+                entry.fetchFn().then(data => {
+                    entry.state = { data, status: 'success', error: null }
+                    entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+                }).catch(err => {
+                    entry.state = { ...entry.state, status: 'error', error: err }
+                    entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+                })
+            })
+        }
     }
 
+    // Scoped invalidations — refetch matching params
     for (const { context: name, params } of pendingScoped) {
         if (pending.has(name)) continue
         const entries = contexts.get(name)
         if (!entries) continue
         const key = stableKey(params)
         const entry = entries.get(key)
-        if (entry) entry.refetch()
+        if (entry) {
+            entry.state = { ...entry.state, status: 'loading', error: null }
+            entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+            entry.fetchFn().then(data => {
+                entry.state = { data, status: 'success', error: null }
+                entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+            }).catch(err => {
+                entry.state = { ...entry.state, status: 'error', error: err }
+                entry.listeners.forEach(l => l())
+            })
+        }
     }
 
     pending.clear()
@@ -159,7 +243,6 @@ async function fetchWithRetry(
     for (let attempt = 0; ; attempt++) {
         try {
             const res = await fetch(input, init)
-            // Don't retry client errors (4xx) — only server/network errors
             if (res.ok || (res.status >= 400 && res.status < 500)) return res
             if (attempt >= retries) return res
         } catch (e) {
@@ -209,7 +292,6 @@ export async function mizanCall(
     const headers = await resolveHeaders()
     headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json'
 
-    // Mutations are not retried — they are not idempotent
     const res = await fetch(`${config.baseUrl}/call/`, {
         method: 'POST',
         headers,